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1: Landscape photography:
The purpose of Landscape photography is to show different places within the world, sometimes on an extremely large scale, but other times on a small scale. The photographs usually capture the likes of nature but sometimes focus on man-made structures, like bridges and iconic buildings.
This image 'The Tetons - Snake river', taken by Ansel Adams shows the "Snake" river passing through an empty landscape surrounded by cliffs and hills which lead up to a snow-capped mountain on the horizon. Adams has an overarching viewpoint over the scene which enables him to encompass the magnificent mountain range and the meandering river.
The image is very dark as if taken at dusk or in a storm yet every part of it can be seen in great detail. The use of tonal greys and silver provides dramatic contrast, enabling certain focal points such as the river itself, the sky under the grey clouds and the light-catching peaks of the mountain range.
The image portrays a feeling of solitude, bleakness but also because of the angle at which Adams has taken the image, a feeling of being in control, rising above the rush of activity below.
2: Portrait photography:
Portrait photography is photography of a person or group of people that displays an expression, personality, and a mood. Portrait photography usually focuses on the face of a person , although a persons body and background may be shown in the photograph.
Yousuf Karsh (1908-2002) specialised in portrait photography, most of his pictures were black and white and Karsh used photography to depict his subjects in their natural state. Lighting played a key part in Karsh's photography as it showed the mood and emotions of the person.
The photograph of Winston Churchill entitled “The Roaring Lion” is one of the most famous pieces of Yousuf Karsh's work. This photograph was taken during 1941 when the second world war was at its peak of violence. This medium close-up portrays a fierce, aggressive, intimidating Churchill.
Karsh took this image in black and white so it would look dramatic and representative of Churchill's personality. In this photograph Churchill's face is the focal point as it is the lightest area on the photo, Churchill is giving a focused stare which seems to be intimidating and meaningful as this photograph was taken at a time of war.
3: Macro photography:
Macro photography is extreme close-up photography. It is used to show how detailed the small things in life are. It was invented by Fritz Goro from Bremen, Germany. Macro photography often focuses on small creatures or small objects and shows them in great detail.David Chambon is a French photographer who photographs many genres, including sports, wedding, nature and macro photography.David Chambon's macro photography focuses strongly on insects and small creatures. This photograph shows an extreme close-up of a dragon fly in the morning dew capturing it in extreme detail from the rain drops to the legs of the insect. Chambon seized the vibrant colours in the eyes of the dragonfly making this image eye catching and interesting.
4: Sports photography:
Sports photography is a type of photo journalism, most sports photographers work for magazine companies and newspapers, but a few decide to freelance.
Sport photography is the photography concerning sports, for example capturing iconic moments in a sporting events would be classed as 'sports photograpy'.
Bob Martin is a free lance professional sports photography who's career has lasted over 30 years.
In this photograph, Martin captures the emotion on Tiger Woods' as he is anticipating where his shot will land, creating tension and making the viewer want to know what will happen next.
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